Vocabulary of Proto-Indo-European

Nouns, definite articles, plurals
Adjectives: masculine, feminine, neuter
Numerals: masculine, feminine, neuter

1.    mother           *méh2tēr, méh2tēr, méh2teres
2.    father           *ph2tḗr, ph2tḗr, ph2téres
3.    sister           *swésōr, swésōr, swésores
4.    brother           *bhréh2ter, bhréh2ter, bhréh2teres
5.    daughter           *dhugh2tḗr, dhugh2tḗr, dhugh2téres
6.    son           *suHnús, suHnús, suHnéwes


1.    water           *wódr, wódr
2.    fire           *péh2ur, péh2ur
3.    sun           *séh2ul, séh2ul
4.    moon           *meh1ns, meh1ns
5.    wind           *h2weh1ntos, h2weh1ntos
6.    rain          


1.    one           *h1oinos, h1oineh2, h1oinom
2.    two           *dwóh1, dwéh2h1, dwóih1
3.    three           *tréyes, tisres, trih2
4.    four           *kwetwóres, kwétesres, kwetwṓr
5.    five           *pénkwe
6.    six           *seḱs


1.    cat          
2.    dog           *ḱuwōn, ḱuwōn, ḱuones
3.    horse           *h1eḱwos, h1eḱwos, h1eḱwōs
4.    cow           *gweh3us, gweh3us, gweh3wes
5.    fish           *pisḱis, pisḱis
6.    bird           *h2éwis, h2éwis
7.    tree           *doru, doru
8.    flower          


1.    white           *h2erǵis, h2erǵis, h2erǵh2
2.    black           *melnos, melneh2, melnom
3.    red           *h1roudhos, h1roudheh2, h1roudhom
4.    green          
5.    yellow          
6.    blue          
7.    grey          
8.    brown          


* signifies hypothetical and reconstructed

Back to menu